How America’s Social Structure Causes Deviance

Albeit numerous individuals realize that deviancy is clear in American culture, few understand that it is society itself that causes deviancy. Our social structure applies various weights among individuals in our general public to take part in non-adjusting and freak conduct to accomplish the American dream. American culture does this by underscoring certain achievement objectives, and not stressing the right way to accomplish these objectives. What's more, deviancy is fortified in various components of American social structure through socially characterized objectives, standardized methods, cultural responses, and different types of approvals. Further, American culture has a solid accentuation on riches and an absurd interest for progress. Along these lines, Americans are lead to types of advancement, deviancy, and live in a condition of anomie. To begin with, we should look at the meanings of abnormality and standards. Henry characterizes abnormality as an individual who conflicts with the principles, desires, and standards of their general public (address). Further, deviancy is thought of as an individual trait or conduct that outcomes in social objection from others, or conduct that disrupts the guidelines and standards for that society(Social Deviance 5). Standards are rules of direct, and every standard is an announcement of alluring or unfortunate conduct. Instances of alluring and unfortunate conditions are messages like â€Å"don’t be too fat† and â€Å"don’t be too thin† (Social Deviance 5). What's more, standards are the common desires and assessments of conduct or being that most of society’s individuals concur upon. Meier states that desires allude to how individuals will act or be, and assessments are the means by which individuals should act or be (Social Deviance 5). These desires and assessments further fortify the guidelines and desires for our general public. A few sociologists recently accepted that abnormality was brought about by science. Sociologists once accepted that freak individuals were â€Å"born bad†, and that heredity, qualities, and a people body science were all shared factors in degenerate individuals. Merton negates this hypothesis by taking note of that: With the later progression of sociology, this arrangement of originations has experienced fundamental change. For a certain something, it no longer shows up so clear that man is set against society in an endless war between natural drive and social limitation. For another, sociological points of view have progressively gone into the examination of conduct going astray from recommended examples of direct. For whatever job the natural motivations, there still remains the further inquiry of why it is that the recurrence of degenerate conduct shifts inside various social structure and how it happens that the deviations have various shapes and example in various social structures. (230) Now sociologists, for example, Robert K. Merton, have new knowledge into the hypothesis that deviancy is brought about by the general public wherein we live, not science or body science. This hypothesis of abnormality is additionally supported up by the conviction that American culture drives a person to need the American dream, however doesn't bear the cost of them with the way to accomplish them (Fanning). As individuals from a general public fixated on TV and media, we have pressures that fortify the prevalent view that material belongings and riches are critical in American culture. Consequently, it is sensible to accept that in the event that we can find certain gatherings subject to the weights of accomplishing the American dream, we ought to hope to discover high paces of deviancy in its individuals. Moreover, some social classes don't have equivalent chance to accomplish objectives. Because of segregation, individuals from lower classes, and certain racial and ethnic minorities, all experience the ill effects of blocked chances. The anxiety that outcomes from blocked open doors makes the individual inquiry the authenticity of customary and standardized methods (Fanning). As a result, these citizenry start to consider other, regularly illicit, approaches to succeed. Besides, when this happens, regard for the customarily acknowledged methods for accomplishing objectives disintegrate, standards debilitate, and society is not, at this point ready to control the strategies its individuals use to acquire achievement. Along these lines, horror among lower classes can be credited to the burdens brought about by American culture. On the off chance that an individual is naturally introduced to a poor family, they may be compelled to work while going to secondary school, and will be unable to concentrate on school work, as different colleagues. Subsequently, because of life possibilities, they probably won't have the chance to set off for college because of awful evaluations or exorbitance. While continually battling to make a decent living, they choose to carry out a wrongdoing to have the option to have material belongings, since they accept that they will always be unable to set aside to purchase anything through conventional work. This new social hypothesis expresses that deviancy is individuals just reacting regularly to the social circumstance wherein they are in. Moreover, Merton expresses that â€Å"some social structures apply distinct weights upon specific people in the general public to participate in nonconforming, as opposed to adjusting conduct† (230). Likewise, abnormality shifts culture to culture. What we consider to be degenerate is not the same as what different social orders think about freak. Degenerate definitions likewise change quickly. American culture used to feel that ladies who wore short skirts, or smoked cigarettes were degenerate. Presently, similar acts are not considered to in any case be degenerate. What's more, Merton takes note of that â€Å"some social structures apply a clear weight upon specific people in society† (230). American culture is an ideal case of a general public that applies outlandish weights, and subsequently drives a portion of its individuals to freak conduct. This social hypothesis is demonstrated further by Merton’s hypothesis of social structure. In American culture, Merton accepts that there are two components of social structure; socially characterized objectives, and systematized implies. Socially characterized objectives are incorporated into society, including different degrees of significant worth and hugeness. Socially characterized objectives are what society figures its individuals ought to make progress toward, for example, budgetary achievement. Systematized implies are the guidelines and standards that are the worthy method of accomplishing the socially characterized objective (234). A case of a socially characterized objective is decent training, and a great job. Our general public gives a solid social response to the individuals who go amiss its standards. Cultural responses grasp the manners by which society reacts to the people, their demonstrations, or suspected abnormality. Types of cultural responses are approvals and formal assents. Approvals are â€Å"punishments normally intended to control suspect or real deviance† (Social Deviance 5). Formal authorizations are the disciplines directed by the state or other type of lawful position. Instances of formal approval are fines or detainment. Regularly these proper approvals have a negative shame appended to them. Moreover, sanctions are a definitive estimating bar for recognizing deviancy and degenerate acts. A model would be an individual given the proper assent of a jail sentence being named a â€Å"ex-con†. Casual assents are sanctions from less official sources, for example, family, companions and companions. Instances of casual assents are disparage, peer objection, and analysis (Social Deviance 5). The following point to examine is the normal sorts of abnormality that outcome from the weights that American culture puts on its individuals. Merton says that individuals from American culture are in some cases compelled to enhance to arrive at the objectives society recommends for them. Initially, objectives are disguised and thought of as significant, for example, needing a decent vehicle, cash, and a home. These individuals comply with the desires society gives them, and in this manner attempt to accomplish the objectives. The individual who needs a vehicle to be acknowledged in the public arena, so they adjust by attending a university to find a decent line of work, to have the option to purchase the vehicle. The issue happens when individuals need these things, however might not approach them. In this manner, this leads people to need to enhance to accomplish these objectives (Merton 233). A trailblazer might be an individual who can't or reluctant to head off to college to find a divine being line of work, so they burglarize a bank to have the option to purchase the home and vehicle, and in this way can fit in to social orders material requests. Deviancy is additionally brought about by the various inconsistencies and varieties American culture has on what roads are thought of as adequate methods of accomplishing the objectives. Moreover, our general public additionally has many twofold norms about what is viewed as worthy. Some cheat the framework, yet might be thought of as being shrewd, or savvy. Then again, some similarly untrustworthy acts have disciplines, and are looked downward on by individuals from our general public. A case of this is the point at which an entrepreneur cost fixes. Indeed, even idea the entrepreneur is being exploitative, he is thought of as a business virtuoso, and insightful. Individuals who undermine their charges, or get paid under the table are exploitative and utilizing ethically incorrect methods of achieving cash. In any case, these offenders are not condemned, looked downward on, or thought of as crooks. A case of this twofold standard is the point at which we locate an illicit demonstration with the nonappearance of social objection. Without social objection, an illicit demonstration isn't viewed as genuinely freak (Fanning). A regular event of this error is the point at which somebody is discovered speeding. The demonstration of speeding is illicit and rebuffed with formal approvals, for example, fines, tickets, or permit suspension, however is acknowledged in our general public. We have cops that are paid to control the parkways, however no negative disgrace connected to the demonstration of speeding, or the discipline given by lawful position. The interest for accomplishment in American culture is overpowering. Achievement has become built as â€Å"winning the game† instead of â€Å"winning

Telemachus And Penelope Essays - Greek Mythology, Phemius, Penelope

Telemachus And Penelope The difference among Telemachus and Penelope emerges from contrasting sentiments on the amusement of Phemius. Phemius is singing the story of the Greek warriors of Troy and their homecomings when Penelope drops from her chambers to fight this decision of music. She chastens him, and requests him to stop in light of the fact that he has helped her to remember Odysseus, who's tragically deceased adrift. Telemachus censures his mom by fighting that the troubadour has the privilege to sing anything he wishes. He at that point sends his mom off to her chambers, pronouncing that he is the ace of the house. This conflict among Penelope and Telemachus was brought about by both. Penelope's shortcoming was that she didn't stop to think about Telemachus' emotions regarding the matter. She is so engaged in her own agony for her lost love that she is ignorant concerning the issues of her child. She doesn't see his uncertainties on his past and particularly his future, or his absence of trust in himself. The vast majority of all, she is oblivious to his inward battle among affection and loathe for Odysseus. She doesn't understand his need to learn of his heritage, she just observes her distress what's more, her torment. . She is disengaged from the world, and spotlights on her sadness also, torment. Since she is so engrossed with her own issues, she has dismissed her obligations as a mother. She, in her trouble, has driven her child away from her. This difference over Phemius just shows the profound abyss that has divided them. With respect to Telemachus, he commits indistinguishable errors from his mom in that he will not see her side of the issue. He, as well, is profoundly engaged in his issues that he doesn't see the profound degree of his mom's agony. Him requesting her to leave is an indication that he trusts her sentiments to be nearly unimportant contrasted with his. His excitement to learn of Odysseus' extraordinary deeds appears to dominate the trouble his mom feels. The stories of the Trojan War are the main manner by which he can come to know his dad, who he doesn't keep in mind, since Penelope clearly dodges the theme altogether. He has to know his inheritance. In particular, he is looking for an approach to legitimize his father's nonappearance, and to legitimize why he has left Ithaca in such a condition of clutter. Be that as it may, his mission for his heritage was not by any means the only explanation he had for protecting Phemius. It was additionally brought about by his hatred towards his mom for having known his dad and not educating him concerning him. He feels that his mom has kept him from increasing a comprehension of his legacy. This contradiction over Phemius was a window to the indignation that Telemachus had towards his mom for not acclimating him with the heritage of his dad. Another reason Telemachus rushed to censure Penelope was his profound want to apply his capacity and his strength, his legitimate predominance over the family unit. By requesting his mom to leave the corridor, he is appearing to the admirers that it is he, not his mom, who has more force. At the point when he pronounces that he is ace of the house, somewhat brought about by the newly discovered fortitude refined in him by Athena, he is presenting another him. This was his chance to set up his position over the admirers and get ready for his declaration that he will go scan for his dad. This difference permitted Telemachus to step into the spotlight, and communicate as a power to be dealt with.

Where Does the Essay Fit into the Overall College Application

Where Does the Essay Fit into the Overall College Application Where Does the Essay Fit into the Overall College Application? Where Does the Essay Fit into the Overall College Application? While the essay is a potent piece of the puzzle, it is important to remember that it is but one of the crucial components of your college application. There is also the transcript, which is undeniably one of the most important factors in an admissions officer’s assessment of any applicant. Even this pretty straightforward index of your achievements is evaluated based on a complex combination of characteristics, including your grades in advanced classes, the strength of your curriculum, and of course, your GPA. Then, who doesn’t love to look at some standardized test scores, the measurement of how well a student can memorize vocabulary and apply a contained set of concepts and equations after eating a good breakfast and trying not to puke from anxiety? Next come teacher and guidance counselor recommendations, which provide admissions with outsider views on a student’s drive and personality. The lovely people deciding your academic fate also review a detailed list of your extracurricular activities. Hopefully those four years of bird watching paid off! The point is: Before admissions officers look at your college essay, they know your legacy status (if you have one), the names and ages of all your siblings (if you have them), your class rank, and your family income. By the time they get to your essay, they probably even know your dog’s name. These are all things that, no matter how good of a student you are, tend to overlap with the life circumstances and accomplishments of your closest competitors. What admissions doesn’t know before they read your college essay is what it would be like to spend time with or talk to you in person. Would you immediately launch into an impassioned dissertation about the last episode of your favorite podcast? Would you point out cool facts about the constellations? Would you notice the opal on your admissions officer’s finger because you’re obsessed with gemstones and make jewelry in your spare time? Additionally, what motivates you? What are your passions? Your future goals? Your weird obsessions? Would you bring a positive attitude to campus? How are you going to contribute to the community? This is your chance to show them how you think about the world and whats really important to you. The college essay also provides your one and only opportunity to speak to admissions in your own voice. You need to use this window to showcase your personality and highlight how you are different from the competition in a way that is highly personal There is an interesting side effect of trying to dig around and come up with a subject for your college admissions essay. Weirdly, if you do it right, the essay writing process can help you get in touch with who you really are as a person as you hone in on some of your educational, professional, and other life goals. At first blush, your experiences may seem to fall into the same buckets as everyone else’s: “Things I accomplished in my after-school activities.” “Where I spent my summer vacation.” “Why I love Beyoncé.” (Sorry, that’s one of our defining characteristics) You could be tempted to discard valuable ideas as “clichéd” even though a new perspective on a well-worn subject can actually make for a fabulous peek into your (truly fascinating!) world. Guess whatâ€"you’re motivated! You like a challenge! You’re ROFL funny! You really, really like cats! (Oh right, that’s us again.) About CEA HQView all posts by CEA HQ » Want more tips and tricks? Check out our YouTube Channel! WATCH OUR VIDEOS »

After the Way Called Heresy Book Review - 1140 Words

After the Way Called Heresy Book Review Anthony Gonzales Apostolic School of Theology After the Way Called Heresy Book Review Throughout the line of church history, Oneness doctrine has suffered persecution, Condemnation, and expulsion. Many believe that the dogma of the Trinity has been the True doctrine of the early church, but the truth is that since the birth of the church which in the Book of Acts. The Mighty God in Christ doctrine is in fact the doctrine of the early church. This Movement did not die out in the third and fourth centuries, but has continued to grow and now is One of the fastest growing Movements in the twentieth century.†¦show more content†¦Many opposed this event by turning to Monasticism, these people wanted to devote their lives to God, but despite of all of this Weisser notes that Oneness still exist. Chapter 6 This chapter explains the events taking place in the eighth through fifthteenth centuries (middle Ages). It is when secular leaders are struggling against the papacy for power. During this time the crusades took place. The main problem in the middle Ages was between the pope and the king, this desire for power caused the churches from the East and West to separate. This made the Cathari and Waldenses to question the authority of the pope and placed Biblical authority over men. Chapter 7 In chapter seven Weisser takes a deep look into the Reformation, and how the printing of pamphlets in mass number can cause a greater influence than before. The Catholic Church had become very corrupt and caused men like Martin Luther and John Calvin to push against the church abuse. These men had different views, but for the most part they agreed. We also see the Oneness of God doctrine in the sixth and seventeenth centuries. This was inspired by Michael Servetus and once again the challenge of this pagan doctrine (Trinitarians) would last for two centuries. 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The One Thing to Do for Grad Admissions Essay Samples

The One Thing to Do for Grad Admissions Essay Samples The essay may be one of the most daunting aspects of a university application. Your admissions essay resembles any other essay you've written. Your college admissions essay is just one of the most significant portions of your college application. College Admission Essay Samples Essay Writing Center The essay is easily the most important part of a university appllication, see sample essays ideal for applying to schools in the United States. Colleges use essays to attempt to create a personal snapshot of you unobtainable from different parts of the application. For that, you may use completely free college admission essays to provide you with some fantastic ideas about how to take care of bad grades. It's possible for you to look at free college admission essays online for some ideas about how you can accomplish this. Grad Admissions Essay Samples - What Is It? Other applicants err on the side of conceit, giving the impression they don't really require any advanced training since they know so much concerning the area and have as much experience. It doesn't matter to us, whether you're too busy on the job concentrating on a passion undertaking, or simply tired of a seemingly infinite stream of assignments. As you don't need the very best candidate for your project, you wish to discover the correct candidate. Empire State College graduates do not have to request a transcript. Many grad programs at various universi ties and specialty schools will ask you to compose a personal statement for you to apply to the school and if you're not certain what to write then you have to understand where to look so you can figure it out. These individuals may not make very excellent students. Don't just write something because it's only you think it will impress the admission committee. Early research and application is critical. If you don't get a postcard or email, speak to the admissions office to make sure that your application was received before the deadline. Needless to say, research-based programs also start looking for an aligned research interest with faculty in that specific program. What You Should Do to Find Out About Grad Admissions Essay Samples Before You're Left Behind Be respectful of time and always send thank you notes, but generally speaking, benefit from the chance to learn from a number of the top men and women in public health on the planet. When you've been accepted, there are various important things to remember. Oftentimes, folks will attempt to write about things based on the way that it looks to colleges. Lets, have a break now and think of something else. What the In-Crowd Won't Tell You About Grad Admissions Essay Samples You just want the proper things to say in your private statement. Statement of Purpose is among the hardest thing that you'll ever write if you apply to graduate school. So you know you must compose the strongest, most persuasive personal statement you're able to. Writing the personal statement will probably be among the hardest pieces of your admissions package. Your comfort level for a writer is a significant element in the accomplishment of your essay. Your essay deserves effort and attention, but bear in mind that it's only a component of the total application practice. Further, an abnormal or off-beat essay is a wonderful way to demonstrate your creativity. In case you have fears about asking different students online for feedback because you believe they'll steal your essay or something. Don't be scared to talk about your ideas as part of creative procedure and remember there's just one approach to reach the desired goals receiving papers which have been meticulously checked, reviewed and proofread. Many will glance up and consider the image when making their very last minute determinations. The point is that you don't ever know, and at this phase in your artistic career you might not even understand what's good, and therefore don't be reluctant to demonstrate some vulnerability. Grad Admissions Essay Samples Options This writing sample is a crucial part of your application. May be you never considered going for higher studies and for this reason you didn't care that much to keep up a greater CGPA. Your essays might also be utilized in the practice of advisement in your degree program. Together with the UK Essay Help undergradu ates cannot be worried about the time but delight in a complete life.

The Secret Circle The Captive Chapter Eight Free Essays

string(38) " naked bulb hanging from the rafters\." â€Å"It was a hurricane,† Diana said. It was Monday, and Diana was back in school, still a bit sniffly, but otherwise well. They were talking before American history class; it was the first chance Cassie had had to speak to Diana alone. We will write a custom essay sample on The Secret Circle: The Captive Chapter Eight or any similar topic only for you Order Now She hadn’t wanted to bring the question up in front of the others. â€Å"A hurricane?† she said now. Diana nodded. â€Å"We get them every so often. That year it hit with practically no warning, and the bridge to the mainland was flooded. A lot of people got caught on the island, and a lot of people got killed.† â€Å"I’m so sorry,† Cassie said. Well, you see; there’s a perfectly reasonable explanation after all, she was thinking. How could she have been so stupid as to have freaked out over this? A natural disaster explained everything. And when Cassie had asked her grandmother about the mound at the cemetery last night, the old woman had looked at her, blinking, and finally said, was there a mound at the old burying ground? If there was, it might be some sort of bunker-a place for storing ammunition in one of the old wars. Again, a simple explanation. Laurel and Melanie came in and took seats in front of Cassie and Diana. Cassie took a deep breath. â€Å"Melanie, I went back to the cemetery yesterday to look for your crystal-but I still couldn’t find it. I’m sorry; I guess it’s gone for good,† she said. Melanie’s gray eyes were thoughtful and serious. â€Å"Cassie, I told you that night it didn’t matter. The only thing I wish is that you and Adam and Nick and Deborah hadn’t run off without the rest of us. It was dangerous.† â€Å"I know,† Cassie said softly. â€Å"But right then it didn’t seem dangerous-or at least, it did, but I didn’t have time to think about how dangerous it really was. I just wanted to find whatever killed Jeffrey.† She saw Melanie and Diana trade a glance; Melanie surprised and Diana rather smug. Cassie felt vaguely uncomfortable. â€Å"Did Adam tell you anything about what we were talking about out in the cemetery?† she asked Diana. â€Å"About Faye and Sally?† Diana sobered. â€Å"Yes. But it’s all ridiculous, you know. Sally would never do anything like that, and as for Faye†¦ well, she may be difficult at times, but she certainly isn’t capable of killing anybody.† Cassie opened her mouth, and found herself looking at Melanie, whose gray eyes now reflected something like head-shaking cynicism. She looked back at Diana quickly and said, â€Å"No, I’m sure you’re right,† but she wasn’t. Melanie was right; Diana was too trusting, too naive. Nobody knew better than Cassie just what Faye was capable of. Ms. Lanning was starting class. Laurel and Melanie turned around, and Cassie opened her book and tried to keep her mind on history. That entire school week was strange. Jeffrey’s death had done something to the outsider students; it was different than the other deaths. Kori had been a Club member, or practically, and the principal hadn’t been very popular. But Jeffrey was a football hero, one of their own, a guy just about everyone liked and admired. His death upset people in a different way. The whispers started quietly. But by Wednesday Sally was saying openly that Faye and the Club had killed Jeffrey. Tension was building between Club members and the rest of the school. Only Diana seemed unaware of it, looking shocked when Melanie suggested that the Circle might not be welcome at Jeffrey’s funeral. â€Å"We have to go,† she said, and they did go, except Faye. As for Faye†¦ Faye spent the week quietly seething. She hadn’t forgiven Suzan and Deborah for helping to get Cassie ready for the dance, she hadn’t forgiven Nick for snubbing her, and she hadn’t forgiven the rest of them for witnessing her humiliation. The only people she wasn’t furious with were the Henderson brothers. When Jeffrey’s death was mentioned, she looked hard and secretive. Every day Cassie expected to get a phone call with some bizarre new demand, some new blackmail. But, for the moment, Faye seemed to be leaving her alone. It was Friday afternoon, car-pooling home after school, that Laurel mentioned the Halloween dance. â€Å"Of course you’re coming, Cassie,† she said as they dropped Cassie off at Number Twelve. â€Å"You have to. And you’ve got plenty of time, two weeks, to think of somebody to ask.† Cassie walked into the house with her legs feeling weak. Another dance? She couldn’t believe it. One thing she knew: It couldn’t be anything like the last one. She wouldn’t let it be. She’d do what Laurel said, she’d find somebody to go with-and then she’d just stick with him the entire time. Somebody, anybody. Sean, maybe. Cassie winced. Well, maybe not anybody. Starved for attention as he was, Sean might end up being a problem himself. She might never get rid of him. No, Cassie needed some guy to be an escort and nothing else. Some guy who would absolutely not get interested in her, under any circumstances. Some guy who’d be completely indifferent. . . A vision flashed through her mind, of mahogany eyes, rich and deep and absolutely dispassionate. Nick. Nick didn’t even like girls. And Faye wouldn’t care; Faye wasn’t even speaking to Nick anymore. Nick would be safe-but would he ever want to go with her to a dance? Only one way to find out, she thought. Nick was Deborah’s cousin, and lived with her parents at Number Two Crowhaven Road. The peach-colored house was run-down, and the garage was usually open, showing the car Nick was continually working on. Adam had said it was a ’69 Mustang coupe, which was something special. Right at the moment, though, it looked like a skeleton up on blocks. When Cassie walked in late that afternoon, Nick was bent over the workbench, his dark hair shining faintly in the light of the naked bulb hanging from the rafters. You read "The Secret Circle: The Captive Chapter Eight" in category "Essay examples" He was doing something with a screwdriver to a part. â€Å"Hi,† Cassie said. Nick straightened up. He didn’t look surprised to see her, but then Nick never looked surprised. He didn’t look particularly happy to see her either. He was wearing a T-shirt so covered with grease stains that it was difficult to read the slogan underneath, but faintly Cassie could make out the odd words Friends don’t let friends drive Chevys. Cassie cleared her throat. Just walk in and ask him, she’d thought-but now that was proving to be impossible. After a moment or two of staring at her, waiting, Nick looked back down at the workbench. â€Å"I was just walking to Diana’s,† Cassie said brightly. â€Å"And I thought I’d stop by and say hi.† â€Å"Hi,† Nick said, without looking up. Cassie’s mouth was dry. What had ever made her think she could ask a guy to a dance? So what if lots of guys had wanted to dance with her last time; that had probably just been a fluke. And Nick certainly hadn’t been hanging around her. She tried to make her voice sound casual. â€Å"So what are you doing †¦Ã¢â‚¬  She had meant to ask â€Å"for the Halloween dance† but her throat closed up and she panicked. Instead she finished in a squeak, â€Å"†¦ right now?† â€Å"Rebuilding the carburetor,† Nick replied briefly. â€Å"Oh,† Cassie said. She searched her mind desperately for some other topic of conversation. â€Å"Um†¦Ã¢â‚¬  She picked up a little metal ball from the workbench. â€Å"So-what’s this for?† â€Å"The carburetor.† â€Å"Oh.† Cassie looked at the little ball. â€Å"Uh, Nick, you know, I was just wondering†-she started to set the ball back down-â€Å"whether you might, um, want to-oops.† The ball had shot out of her sweaty fingers like a watermelon seed, landing with a ping somewhere under the workbench and disappearing. Cassie looked up, horrified, and Nick slammed down the screwdriver and swore. â€Å"I’m sorry-honest, Nick, I’m sorry-â€Å" â€Å"What the hell did you have to touch it for? What are you doing here, anyway?† â€Å"I†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Cassie looked at his wrathful face and the last of her courage left her. â€Å"I’m sorry, Nick,† she gasped again, and she fled. Out of the garage and down the driveway. Without thinking she turned right when she got to the street, heading back for her own house. She didn’t want to go to Diana’s, anyway- Adam was probably there. She walked up Crowhaven Road, her cheeks still burning and her heart thumping. It had been a stupid idea from the beginning. Suzan was right; Nick was an iguana. He didn’t have any normal human emotions. Cassie hadn’t expected him to want to go to the dance with her in the first place; she’d just thought maybe he wouldn’t mind, because he’d been nice to her in the boiler room that night. But now he’d shown his true colors. She was just glad she hadn’t actually asked him before she’d dropped the ball-that would have been the ultimate embarrassment. Even as it was, though, her chest felt tight and hot and her eyes felt sore. She kept her head carefully high as she passed Melanie’s house, and then Laurel’s. She didn’t want to see either of them. The sun had just set and the color was draining out of everything. It gets dark so early these days, she was thinking, when the roar of a motor caught her attention. It was a black Suzuki Samurai with the license plate FLIP ME. The Henderson brothers were in it, Doug driving too fast. As soon as they spotted her they pulled over and stuck their heads out the windows, shouting comments. â€Å"Hey, what’s a nice girl like you doing in a neighborhood like this?† â€Å"You wanna party, Cassie?† â€Å"C’mon, baby, we can show you a good time!† They were just harassing her for the fun of it, but something made Cassie look up into Doug’s tilted blue-green eyes and say nervily, â€Å"Sure.† They stared at her, nonplussed. Then Chris burst into laughter. â€Å"Cool; get in,† he said, and opened the passenger side door. â€Å"Wait a minute,† Doug began, frowning, but Cassie was already getting in, Chris helping her up the high step. She didn’t know what had possessed her. But she was feeling wild and irresponsible, which she guessed was the best way to be feeling when you were with the Henderson brothers. â€Å"Where are we going?† she asked as they roared off. Chris and Doug looked at each other cagily. â€Å"Gonna buy some pumpkins for Halloween,† Chris said. â€Å"Buy pumpkins?† â€Å"Well, not buy, exactly,† Chris temporized. For some reason, at this particular moment, that struck Cassie as funny. She began to giggle. Chris grinned. â€Å"We’re goin’ down to Salem,† he explained. â€Å"They have the best pumpkin patches to raid. And if we get done early enough we can hide in the Witch Dungeon and scare the tourists.† The Witch Dungeon? thought Cassie, but all she said was, â€Å"Okay.† The floor of the minijeep was littered with bottles, bits of pipe, rags, Dunkin’ Donut bags, unraveling cassette tapes, and raunchy magazines. Chris was explaining to Cassie about how to construct a pipe bomb when they reached the pumpkin patch. â€Å"Okay, now, shut up,† Doug said. â€Å"We’ve gotta go around back.† He turned the lights and engine off and cruised. The pumpkin patch was a huge fenced enclosure full of pumpkins, some piled up, some scattered across the ground. Doug stopped the Samurai just behind a large pile by the booth where you paid for the pumpkins. It was fully dark now, and the light from the enclosure didn’t quite reach them. â€Å"Over the fence,† Doug mouthed, and to Cassie: â€Å"Stay here.† Cassie was glad he didn’t want her to climb it; there was barbed wire at the top. Chris laid his jacket on it and the two boys swarmed over easily. Then they calmly started handing pumpkins over the fence. Chris gave them to Doug, who stood on the pile and dropped them to Cassie on the other side, motioning her to put them in the back seat of the jeep. What on earth do they want with all of these, anyway? Cassie wondered dizzily as she staggered back with armload after armload. Can you make a bomb out of a pumpkin? â€Å"Okay,† Doug hissed at last. â€Å"That’s enough.† He swarmed back over the fence. Chris started to climb over too, but just at that moment there was a frenzied barking and a large black dog with wiry legs appeared. â€Å"Help!† squawked Chris. He was caught hanging over the top of the fence. The Doberman had him by the boot and was worrying it furiously, snarling. A man exploded out of the booth and began yelling at them and shaking his fist. â€Å"Help! Help!† Chris shouted. He started to giggle and then yelped, â€Å"Ow! He’s takin’ my foot off! Ow! Help!† Doug, his strange slanted eyes glittering wildly, rushed back to the jeep. â€Å"Gonna kill that dog,† he said breathlessly. â€Å"Where’s that army pistol?† â€Å"Hold on, Max! Hold him till I get my shotgun!† the man was yelling. â€Å"Ow! He’s chewin’ on me! It hurts, man!† Chris bellowed. â€Å"Don’t kill him,† Cassie pleaded frantically, catching Doug by the arm. All she needed was for him and the pumpkin man to start shooting at each other. Doug continued ransacking the litter on the jeep’s floor. â€Å"Don’t kill the dog! We can just give him this,† Cassie said, suddenly inspired. She snatched up a Dunkin’ Donuts bag with several stale doughnuts in it. While Doug was still looking for a gun, she ran back to the fence. â€Å"Here, doggy, nice doggy,† she gasped. The dog snarled. Chris continued bellowing; the pumpkin man continued yelling. â€Å"Good dog,† Cassie told the Doberman desperately. â€Å"Good boy, here, look, doughnuts, see? Want a doughnut?† And then, surprising herself completely, she shouted, â€Å"Come here! NOW.† At the same time, she did-she didn’t know what. She did†¦ something†¦ with her mind. She could feel it going out of her like a blast of heat. It hit the dog and the dog let go of Chris’s foot, hind legs collapsing. Belly almost on the ground, it slunk over to the fence and crouched. Cassie felt tall and terrible. She said, â€Å"Good dog,† and tossed the doughnut bag over the fence. Chris was scrambling over in the other direction, almost falling on his head. The dog lay down and whined pitifully, ignoring the doughnuts. â€Å"Let’s go,† Chris yelled. â€Å"Come on, Doug! We don’t need to kill anybody!† Between them, he and Cassie bundled the protesting Doug into the jeep and Chris drove off. The pumpkin-seller ran after them with his shotgun, but when they reached the road he gave up the chase. â€Å"Ow,† Chris said, shaking his foot and causing the jeep to veer. Doug muttered to himself. Cassie leaned back and sighed. â€Å"Okay,† Chris said cheerfully, â€Å"now let’s go to the Witch Dungeon.† The Salem Witch Dungeon Museum looked like a house from the outside. Chris and Doug seemed to know the layout well, and Cassie followed them around the house, where they slipped in a back entrance. Through a doorway Cassie glimpsed what seemed to be a small theater. â€Å"That’s where they do the witch trials,† Chris said. â€Å"You know, like a play for the tourists. Then they take ’em down here.† A flight of narrow stairs plunged down into darkness. â€Å"Why?† Cassie said. â€Å"It’s the dungeon. They give ’em a tour. We hide in the corners and jump up and yell when they get close. Some of ’em practically have heart attacks,† Doug said, with his mad grin. Cassie could see how that might happen. As they made their way down the stairs it got darker and darker. A dank, musty odor assaulted her nostrils and the air felt very cool. A narrow corridor stretched forward into the blackness, which was broken only by tiny lights at long intervals. Small cells opened out from either side of the corridor. The whole place had a heavy, underground feel to it. It’s like the boiler room, Cassie thought. Her feet stopped moving. â€Å"Come on, what’s wrong?† Doug whispered, turning around. She could barely see him. Chris came back to the foot of the stairs and looked into her face. â€Å"We don’t have to go in there yet,† he said. â€Å"We can wait here till they start to come down.† Cassie nodded at him gratefully. It was bad enough standing on the edge of this terrible place. She didn’t want to go in until she absolutely had to. â€Å"Or †¦Ã¢â‚¬  Chris seemed to be engaging in some prodigious feat of thought. â€Å"Or†¦ we could just leave, you know.† â€Å"Leave now? Why?† Doug demanded, running back. â€Å"Because †¦Ã¢â‚¬  Chris stared at him. â€Å"Because†¦ because I say so!† â€Å"You? Who cares what you say?† Doug returned in a whispering shout and the two of them began to scuffle. They’re not really scary after all, Cassie thought, a little dazedly. They’re more like the Lost Boys in Peter Pan. Peculiar, but sort of cute. â€Å"It’s all right,† she said, to stop their fighting. â€Å"We can stay. I’ll just sit down on the stairs.† Out of breath, they sat down too, Chris massaging the toe of his boot. Cassie leaned against the wall and shut her eyes. She could hear voices from above, someone talking about the Salem witch trials, but only snatches of the lecture got through to her. She was drained from everything that had happened today, and this dreadful place made her feel sick and fuzzy. As if she had cobwebs in her brain. A woman’s voice was saying, â€Å". . . the royal governor, Sir William Phips, established a special court to deal with the cases. By now there were so many accused witches†¦Ã¢â‚¬  So many fake witches, Cassie thought hazily, half listening. If that woman only knew about the real witches lurking in her dungeon. â€Å". . . on June tenth, the first of the convicted witches was publicly executed. Bridget Bishop was hung on Gallows Hill, just outside of Salem.. .† Poor Bridget Bishop, Cassie thought. She had a sudden vision of Jeffrey’s swinging feet and a wave of nausea passed over her. Probably Bridget’s feet had been swinging when they hung her, too. â€Å". . . by the end of September eighteen other people had been hung. Sarah Goode’s last words †¦Ã¢â‚¬  Eighteen. That’s a lot of swinging feet. God, I don’t feel well, thought Cassie. â€Å". . . and a nineteenth victim was pressed to death. Pressing was a form of Puritan torture in which a board was placed on the victim’s chest, and then heavier and heavier rocks were piled on top of the board †¦Ã¢â‚¬  Ugh. Now I really don’t feel well. Wonder how it feels to have rocks piled on you till you die? Guess I’ll never know since that doesn’t happen much today. Unless you happen to be caught in a rockslide, or something †¦ With a jerk, Cassie sat up straight, the cobwebs swept out of her brain as if by a blast of icy wind. Rockslide. Avalanche. Mr. Fogle, the high-school principal, had found out what it was like to have rocks piled on you till you died. Weird coincidence. That was all it was. But†¦ Oh, my God, Cassie thought suddenly. She felt as if her entire body were plugged into something electric. Her thoughts were tumbling over each other. Rockslide. Pressed to death. Same thing, really. And hanging. The witches were hanged†¦ just like Jeffrey Lovejoy. Oh, God, oh, God. There had to be a connection. â€Å"†¦ never know how many died in prison. In comparison to the conditions there, the swift oblivion of a broken neck may have been merciful. Our tour will now take you-â€Å" Broken neck. A broken neck. Kori’s neck had been broken. Cassie thought she was going to faint. How to cite The Secret Circle: The Captive Chapter Eight, Essay examples

Jamestown vs Massachusetts Bay free essay sample

Jamestown was the first permanent English settlement. Its founding expedition was launched by the Virginia Company of London, purely for profit. The 144 men who set sail for America in 1607 were entrepreneurs, meaning that their main reasons for settling in Virginia were for economic gain. The expedition was chartered by James I of England, making the future site of Jamestown a royal colony, and therefore supported by England. The men who traveled to Virginia were not known for their work ethic; they would rather have other people do the hard work for them. The majority of their work upon reaching Jamestown consisted of searching for gold, lumber, tar, pitch, and iron. These items were wanted for export by England. Because the settlers spent time searching for profit instead of food, and also because of the poor settlement site, Jamestown had a very harsh beginning. The men were ill prepared to handle local diseases, so many of them died. We will write a custom essay sample on Jamestown vs Massachusetts Bay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Company had not sent women to settle with the men, meaning that there were no significant households and no permanence in the community. After what became known as the â€Å"starving time,† ships arrived with supplies and a governor, which greatly helped the economy of the colony. The colonists discovered tobacco, a profitable crop which required large areas of farmland and more labor. The headright system was adopted, which brought in more settlers, this time including hard working craftsmen and women, which helped diversify the community. Virginia’s society was primarily based on African labor and the suppression on nearby Indians. In 1624, James I revoked the charter of the Virginia Company, bringing Jamestown under direct control of the crown until 1776. The Massachusetts Bay colonies were founded about twenty years after Jamestown. A large number of Puritan merchants obtained a grant of land for Massachusetts and New Hampshire, and acquired a charter form the king to create the Massachusetts Bay Company. This meant that Massachusetts and New Hampshire were part of a Charter Colony—supported by a Company instead of the crown. A large migration of 17 ships and 1,000 people set sail for New England for one reason: to build a Puritan refuge. Their main goal was religious freedom instead of economic gain; the Puritans only wanted freedom from the crown. They elected John Winthrop as governor, and soon established several towns within New England. The Puritans were hard working people. They believed that their work ethic led to material success, which was evidence of God’s favor. Because of this, the Puritan settlers were quick to establish farms and set up communities based on family and hard work. They had a rough beginning, as well, but nowhere near as bad as Jamestown. Their belief in building a â€Å"city upon a hill† inspired the community to stay close to God and family. This dominance of families caused a feeling of commitment to the community and a sense of order among settlers. However, Massachusetts Bay was a theocracy- meaning there was no separation between church and state. The Puritans had no more religious freedom than they had in England. This just encouraged them to work even harder for the betterment of the community. Both colonies were faced with hard beginnings; settling in a new world among unknown diseases and natives is hard enough without having to worry about finding food and shelter. However, these hardships ensured that the survivors were tough and capable, meaning that the colonies would prosper in the future. Both seemed to be run similarly, as far as distribution of power: both had systems of counties, run by the governor, which were then broken into smaller parishes. Both colonies survived and played a role in the development of the US, allowing for diversity because of the difference among settlers. While Jamestown was more likely to behave (according to England), the Massachusetts Bay area obviously became a bit more of a problem. The Puritans resented English control from the beginning, which probably led to such events as the Boston Tea Party, the Boston Massacre, etc. Both colonies had a major role in the development of American history.